SPEED CONTROL AND COMPENSATION OF TORQUE RIPPLE IN BLDC MOTOR USING SPIDER BASED SLIDING MODE CONTROLLER

Abstract

Brushless DC (BLDC) motors are used in a wide variety of industrial & domestic applications like CNC machines, industrial robots, and so forth. Since there are no brushes in BLDC motor, the commutation is carried out electronically. Position sensors are used to determine the rotor’s position. Every 60 electrical degrees, the motor requires information regarding the position of rotor. As a consequence, 3 hall effect sensors are being used. When the back electromotive force waveform is trapezoidal, the produced torque in a BLDC is constant under ideal circumstances. The output torque, however, exhibits torque ripple. This torque ripple can approach 50% of the average torque in sensorless motor drives, resulting in noise, vibrations, and serious failures. On the other hand, smooth torque is essential for better performance in household and commercial applications. In order to achieve instantaneous torque with no ripple, it is crucial to reduce this torque in BLDC motors. This research therefore suggests a tiny capacitor dc link-based torque ripple reduction technique. In order to quickly settle the system and prevent torque ripples, the capacitor is managed by a spider-based controller that was developed using the spider’s cobweb-building activity. The Spider-based controller is designed to generate the capacitor control signal. A first-order sliding mode controller built on the proportional reaching law is also used to control the speed performance. The impact of using a spider based small DC link capacitor switching on the decrease of torque ripple is studied. The merits of the proposed control technique in terms of settling time and torque ripple are then examined by comparing it with SMC only and Spider based PID