http://210.212.227.212:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/277 2026-05-17T00:01:38Z 2026-05-17T00:01:38Z Shahna, N Karthik, S http://210.212.227.212:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/293 2022-11-29T07:01:35Z 2022-07-08T00:00:00Z

MECHANISTIC-EMPIRICAL APPROACH FOR THE ANALYSIS OF SUBGRADE AND GRANULAR LAYERS OF FLEXIBLE PAVEMENT USING IITPAVE AND KENPAVE Shahna, N; Karthik, S Premature failure of pavements is a severe issue that affects many regions, though the causes can vary. The majority of design procedures assume that the subgrade is lying approximately 500 mm above the high flood level. But heavy rainfall causes a segment of the pavement, or even the entire structure to be submerged in several areas of the country. For rural roads, where pavements are built on the available land without even providing embankment, the issue is more serious. According to the results of numerous research, subgrade soil loses strength over time when it is submerged. Additionally, a drop in the subgrade's rutting life and fatigue value is seen. Also, a submerged subgrade exhibits higher damage and decreased structural strength due to a drop in the elastic moduli of the granular and subgrade layers, as well as an abrupt jump in roughness index (as determined by the International Roughness Index). In order to maintain adequate strength and resilience to support the imposed traffic load regardless of unfavourable conditions like severe rainfall and flooding, subgrade soil must have an appropriate value of CBR. The elastic moduli of the subgrade and granular layers can be enhanced by a properly stabilized subgrade, which can also provide long-term performance and improve the CBR. The use of geosynthetics and geogrids as reinforcement is one of the strategies used today to strengthen subgrade and granular layers. Using pavement design software’s such as IITPAVE and KENPAVE, this study examined the effects of improving the elastic moduli of the subgrade and granular layers associated with an increase in CBR as well as the effect of varying the thickness of the pavement layers over various mechanistic empirical parameters. Through damage analysis in KENPAVE, the study also evaluates the extent of pavement damage. The analysis shows that, the damage associated with the pavement structures for modified cases are reduced by about 45%, from the conventional cases, and hence design was modified. The effect of variation on the pavement performance parameters due to the change in bituminous course and Granular base and subbase course thicknesses by ±25%, designed for improved material properties and effective CBR, was also examined and from the results, an increase in fatigue and rutting lives was observed for even thin-bituminous surfaced pavements. A suitable cost-efficient pavement section was chosen with reference to DSR, 2021. The study also attempts to design a geogrid-reinforced pavement section for a further reduced thickness of granular layers.

2022-07-08T00:00:00Z Hafees, Mohammed A Munavar, Fairooz C http://210.212.227.212:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/292 2022-11-29T06:54:51Z 2022-07-06T00:00:00Z

PRIORITY INTERVENTION AREAS FOR THE IMPROVEMENT OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT IN THE CONTEXT OF TOURISM: INSIGHTS FROM ALAPPUZHA Hafees, Mohammed A; Munavar, Fairooz C One of the key elements of tourism activities is transportation. Transportation plays a large role in the growth of tourism, and the interaction between the two is crucial. Tourism is one of the world's fastest expanding economic industries, and has experienced substantial expansion over the years. In order to assure connectivity to tourist sites and to suggest changes to public transportation, the major goal of this project is to identify key intervention areas. In a nation like India, the development of the public transportation system with regard to tourism has not been studied in great detail. The project's goal is to identify factors that could have an impact on tourists' use of public transportation and increase efficiency by offering alternatives. A questionnaire survey has been used to gather tourist perceptions of various attributes, and an improved importance performance analysis using fuzzy c-means clustering will be performed. This will undoubtedly suggest a strategy for enhancing a location's tourist appeal using public transportation. These attributes’ primary intervention areas has been noted, along with potential alternatives. Economic analysis has also been performed to determine the cost and benefit of the suggested system. The tourism industry places a lot of emphasis on transportation, which also serves as a major engine for socioeconomic development. It not only makes it easier for tourists, but also will help business travelers, those visiting friends and family, and people engaging in educational and health tourism to get around. Through this research, the potential for integrating the development of tourism and public transportation is being explored. We can increase the overall tourism appeal of the locations by enhancing the connectivity using public transportation for the various destinations.

2022-07-06T00:00:00Z Jishma, L H Sai, Niveditha M.G. http://210.212.227.212:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/291 2022-11-29T06:47:56Z 2022-07-04T00:00:00Z

EVALUATION OF PARAMETERS INFLUENCING INTERLAYER BOND STRENGTH OF BITUMINOUS MIXES Jishma, L H; Sai, Niveditha M.G. Slippage failures and delamination failures caused by frequent acceleration and turning movements by vehicles on flexible pavements are because of the inadequate bonding between the asphalt layers. Applying tack coat between these layers is a widely accepted solution for this problem. However, clarifications regarding many factors which affect the tack coat performance yet need to be found out. This paper intended to find out the effect of factors such as laying temperature, tack coat application rate, surface roughness on interlayer bonding strength between BC-2 (Bituminous Concrete) and DBM-2 (Dense Bituminous Macadam) layers of asphalt pavement. Leutner shear test was used to evaluate the interlayer shear strength of laboratory prepared 150 mm diameter cylindrical samples. 140°C, 150°C and 160°C were chosen for laying BC layer. Application rate of 0.2 kg/m2 , 0.25 kg/m2 and 0.3 kg/m2 as per MoRTH specification was chosen for applying RS-1 (Rapid Setting emulsion) as tack coat above the DBM-2 layer. For analyzing the effect of interlayer surface roughness, rough and smooth interfaced samples were considered. For rough interfaced samples, the top surface of DBM-2 layer was grooved and the tack coat was applied on this grooved surface. For smooth interfaced samples, the surface where the tack coat applied was leveled. Leutner test was conducted on rough interfaced and smooth interfaced samples for the above mentioned laying temperatures and application rates of tack coat and the results were compared. It was found that the laying temperature, application rate and interface surface roughness have impact on interlayer bond strength. Also, rough interfaced samples presented more shear strength than the smooth interfaced samples irrespective of laying temperature and application rate. For smooth interfaced samples, the interlayer bond strength decreased with increase in temperature while that for rough interfaced samples the trend was found to be opposite ie., as the interlayer bond strength increased with increase in temperature. An application rate of 0.25 kg/m2 was found to be optimum for both smooth and rough interfaced samples.

2022-07-04T00:00:00Z Lekshmi, Sreekumar Sai, Niveditha M.G. http://210.212.227.212:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/290 2022-11-29T06:42:35Z 2022-07-07T00:00:00Z

SIGNALIZED INTERSECTION SAFETY: A CASE STUDY OF KOLLAM CORPORATION Lekshmi, Sreekumar; Sai, Niveditha M.G. In developing nations like India, motorization is increasing along with economic growth. Road traffic deaths in urban India have consistently been a serious issue of concern. National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB) 2014 reports show that urban road traffic crashes within the state of Kerala, India, increased by 37% from 2009 to 2012. Nearly 20% of those crashes occurred at intersections. Crashes at signalized intersections formed 24% of the full reported crashes at intersections, and 40% of traffic related serious injuries and fatalities. Signalized intersections are major black spots in an urban road network By collecting six years crash data of signalized intersections of Kollam corporation it is found that signalized intersection crashes are increasing each year crashes increased by 72% within six years. It implies the need to control the crashes occurring at signalized intersections of Kollam corporation. The current study investigates the formation of crash frequency prediction model and crash severity prediction model for signalized intersections of Kollam corporation by doing statistical analysis of the crash data. There are totally ten signalized intersections within the Kollam corporation. Six years of crash data of these intersections is collected and details regarding traffic control features, geometric features and traffic volume are also collected for formation prediction model for total crashes and grievous crashes. Six types of regression models are used to analyze crash frequency and the model which best fit the data is chosen as final prediction model for total crashes and grievous crashes. A detailed crash data of four years is collected to develop crash severity prediction model. Ordered probit model is employed to form crash severity prediction model and marginal effects are determined which helps to understand effects of each factors on severity levels. A better understanding of the crash causative factors aids to develop more targeted countermeasures for improving the safety and performance of signalized intersections. Assessment of safety at signalized intersection aid traffic and road safety engineers to adopt better solutions for reducing crashes. Modeling relationship between crash frequency, severity and it’s determining factors help to achieve knowledge about crash occurrence mechanism and to come up with safety policies.

2022-07-07T00:00:00Z