Abstract:
Our body’s most vital organ, the heart, keeps us alive by distributing blood enriched with oxy gen and nutrients throughout the body. Heart Failure, on the other hand, is the medical term used
when the heart cannot keep up with the demands imposed on it while pumping. There are an
estimated 26 million cases of heart failure worldwide, and there are undoubtedly million more
cases that go untreated. The best solution for long-term survival in advanced Heart Failure (HF)
is a heart transplant, but the lack of donors necessitated the development of another treatment
known as VADs (Ventricular Assist Devices). VADs cannot replace a heart, however they can
assist the heart. VADs are mainly classified as LVADs (Left ventricular Assist Device), RVADs
(Right Ventricular assist Devices), and BiVADs (Bi Ventricular Assist Devices). LVADs are
mechanical pumps that are implanted in the left ventricle of patients with left ventricular failure
inorder to provide support and meet the function of human heart (pumping blood). Perfusion
and suction avoidance are particularly difficult with LVADs though. The LVAD is therefore
controlled to maintain physiologic perfusion using a straightforward control method based on
PID that simply uses the intrinsic pump measurement. The controller’s goal is to keep a dif ferential pump speed setpoint constant. In order to improve the performance of the system, a
PID parameter optimization technique based on particle swarm optimization (PSO) is utilised .
The effectiveness of the PSO based PID controller was investigated, and the proposed control
algorithm proved capable of maintaining the perfusion demand
