DESIGN AND SIMULATION OF OPTIMUM ANTENNA FOR IOT BASED GEOSATELLITE SYSTEM

Abstract

Small-sized antennas are preferred for geostationary satellites for a number of reasons. The cost of manufacturing and launching smaller antennas is generally lower than that of larger ones. It is particularly important for commercial satellite operators who wish to minimize costs and maximize profits. It is more difficult and more expensive to launch large antennas into space due to their weight. It is easier to launch small antennas into orbit because they are lighter. The GEO satellites are located at an altitude of approximately 36,000 kilometers and have a limited amount of space. With smaller antennas on a satellite, more equipment can be installed. Beam coverage: Small antennas provide a narrow beam coverage with a high gain. In order to operate in a fixed position relative to the Earth and to cover a large area on the ground, geostationary satellites require highly directional antennas. In general, small sized antennas are preferred for geostationary satellites due to their cost-effectiveness, lightweight, ability to take up less space, and narrow beam coverage with high gain. In view of the fact that antennas designed for Geo-satellites were large and bulky, we are currently developing antennas that are smaller in order to be used in agri cultural fields and other remote locations. In this case, the antenna will have direct access to the Geo-satellite without using the terrestrial network, since the use of the terrestrial network would cause a bottleneck in the communication between the an tenna and the satellite. For the purpose of avoiding the bottleneck connection, a direct connection will be estimated based on a link budget. Based on the link budget, the antenna was designed and simulated. In this work, we are aiming to simulate a small size, base heavy antenna for Geo satellite which can work in the power range from 20-35dB. And has a gain more than 2 dB. So, that the antenna can communicate without the use of terrestrial networks.