UWB ANTENNAS FOR BREAST & BRAIN TUMOR DETECTION USING MICROWAVE IMAGING

Abstract

In the last decades, microwave imaging has emerged as a new area of research due to its many advantages over current imaging systems. Microwave imaging system is used for indepth inspection of biological tissues. It aids in identification of morpho logical changes in these biological tissues, as well as their locations. The emerging Ultra Wideband (UWB) microwave imaging gives better result and has the advan tage of using non-ionizing radiation.In these systems, antennas play a very important role. Antenna design optimization has gained significance because the device is placed close to the human body.This research introduces four compact antennas for tumor detection.Two for head imaging and two for breast imaging applications.All of them is build on FR4 material.First we designed a pentagonal patch antenna for breast imaging applications,in the frequency range from 2.9 - 13 GHz with 125 % fractional bandwidth (FBW) and has maximum gain of 2.80 dBi at 8.79 GHz.The second breast imaging antenna is a blade shape patch antenna has a broad bandwidth in the fre quency range from 2.6 - 13.56 GHz with 136% FBW and has maximum gain of 6.28 dBi at 12.9 GHz.Third one is a flower shaped patch antenna for head imaging applica tion in the frequency range of 1.59 to 6 GHz with 116.20 % FBW and has maximum gain of 4 dBi at 4.62 GHz.The last antenna which we have designed for head imag ing application is a modified square patch antenna in the frequency of 1.99 to 7.45 GHz with 115.67 % FBW and has maximum gain of 3.4 dBi at 6 GHz. Here we use monostatic approach of breast and brain tumor detection. All the simulations are done using CST Microwave studio EM Solver, 2016. For detecting the presence of tumor we designed head and breast phantom model with tumor at the center of the phantom model using CST.The properties of phantom model are similar to human body.The signal that transmitted from the antenna will reach the phantom with tu mor inside, the signal will reflect from the phantom are examined to find the presence of tumor. These electromagnetic waves are capable to penetrate biological tissue in a very efficient way and maintain a reasonable attenuation.The image that received are reconstructed using image reconstruction algorithms such as DAS and DMAS al gorithm to find tumor location. And all the designed antenna are in acceptable SAR range according to FCC regulations.